Human-gated · three-tier hierarchy

Rules & thesis

Resolution order: macro thesis → general category rules → company-specific rules (win on conflict) → your Level-3 manual overrides (always win). Claude may draft rule revisions; you approve.

Valuation inputs · macro assumptions

Macro assumptions

CAPM cost of equity = risk-free + β × ERP. The GDP ceiling hard-caps DCF terminal growth. Category β is the default; a company rule can override it.

Level 1 · DCF
Tier 1 · Macro thesis

RadTech

synthesized · Jul 23, 2026

RadTech companies face a cautious near-term outlook, with management at both MIR and ARAY citing macroeconomic risks from tariffs and supply chain disruptions. While MIR benefits from nuclear energy tailwinds and ARAY faces hospital capital budget constraints, both emphasize uncertainty in their operating environments and have updated risk factors to reflect trade and supply chain risks. The overall tone is one of tempered optimism, with a focus on navigating external headwinds.

MedTech

synthesized · Jul 23, 2026

ISRG's forward-looking content highlights a focus on synthesizing scientific and technological advances to deliver value through the Quintuple Aim, emphasizing better outcomes, experience, access, and cost reduction. The company's strategic priorities center on providing clinical and economical solutions across procedure complexity and focusing on high-value procedures. Since only ISRG's content is available, this thesis is company-specific and cannot be generalized across the MedTech category.

Pharma

synthesized · Jul 23, 2026

Moderna is transitioning from pandemic-driven demand to an endemic and pipeline-dependent model, focusing on revenue growth through geographic expansion and new launches, cost discipline, and pipeline execution despite near-term losses. This outlook is company-specific and not corroborated by other companies in the category.

Claude-drafted · awaiting your approval

Rule-change proposals

  • rule-book-to-billJul 18, 2026
    Current

    Flag when book-to-bill falls below 1.0. Escalate on a second consecutive quarter below 1.0.

    Proposed

    Flag when book-to-bill falls below 1.0 AND backlog declines sequentially. A sub-1.0 quarter with rising backlog is timing, not deterioration, and should stay at 'watch' rather than escalate.

    Reasoning

    Review of the last two ARAY escalations: both sub-1.0 quarters were followed by in-line revenue because backlog held. The rule over-escalated on timing noise. Adding the backlog condition would have kept both at 'watch' and avoided two false-elevated flags.

    Triggered by: Position review after ARAY flag did not translate into a revenue miss.

Tier 2 · General rules (by category)

Leverage discipline

allv3

Flag when net leverage exceeds 2.5x. Escalate above 3.5x or when a refinancing falls inside 12 months.

rule-leverage
Open flags raised (1)
  • ARAYNet leverage estimated at ~6.2x, far exceeding the 2.5x threshold and the 3.5x escalation point. Covenant compliance risk persists.

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Order momentum

RadTechv2

Flag when book-to-bill falls below 1.0. Escalate on a second consecutive quarter below 1.0.

rule-book-to-bill

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Revenue concentration

allv4

Flag when a single product or customer exceeds 40% of revenue, or when a credible competitive threat targets that concentration.

rule-concentration
Open flags raised (1)
  • MRNARevenue is concentrated in COVID vaccine products (primarily mNEXSPIKE and predecessor), exceeding 40% of total revenue. Competitive threats from updated mRNA vaccines and other platforms could impact market share.

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Cash runway (pre-revenue)

Pharmav1

For pre-revenue names, flag when estimated cash runway is under 24 months ahead of a value-inflection readout.

rule-runway

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Customer capex cycle

MedTechv1

Flag when leading indicators of customer capex (research/biopharma funding) turn negative for two consecutive periods.

rule-capex-cycle

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

New filing

allv1

Raise an informational flag whenever a new EDGAR filing is detected and ingested.

rule-filing
Open flags raised (8)
  • ARAYNew 10-Q filing detected: Q3 fiscal 2026 results showing net loss of $11.8M, negative operating cash flow, and debt of $145.2M net.
  • ARAYNew 10-K/A filing detected: Fiscal 2025 results with RPO restatement and material weakness.
  • ARAYNew 8-K filing detected: Accuray repaid remaining $18.0M of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes at maturity on June 1, 2026.
  • ARAYNew 10-Q filing detected: Q2 fiscal 2026 results showing revenue decline, net loss of $13.8M, and restructuring charges.
  • MIRNew 8-K filed July 2, 2026, regarding compensatory arrangement with President of Nuclear & Safety Group.
  • MIRNew 10-Q for Q1 2026 filed, detailing financial results and risks.
  • ISRGNew EDGAR filings detected and ingested: 10-Q for Q1 2026, 10-Q for Q2 2026, and 10-K for fiscal year 2025.
  • MRNANew EDGAR filings detected and ingested: 2025 10-K, Q3 2025 10-Q, Q1 2026 10-Q, and 8-K (May 1, 2026).

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Balance-sheet distress

allreliabilityv1

Flag Stage 1 as unreliable when net leverage is high AND margins are thin or negative — the mechanical peer multiple overstates fair value for distressed names. Present a distressed range, not a single number.

max net leverage 4.5×min EBITDA margin 8%
rule-distress-all
Open flags raised (2)
  • ARAYBalance-sheet distress flagged: high net leverage combined with negative net income and thin margins. Stage 1 peer multiple is unreliable; present a distressed range.
  • MIRNet leverage is high (substantial debt) and margins are thin/negative (Q1 net loss of $3.4M), suggesting Stage 1 peer multiple overstates fair value. A distressed valuation range should be applied instead of a single point estimate.

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

Tier 3 · Company-specific rules
ARAY1 rule

ARAY balance-sheet distress

RadTechARAYreliabilityv1

ARAY carries ~6.2x net leverage on thin, negative-net-income results. Treat the Stage 1 baseline as distress-flagged with a haircut range; the peer EV/EBITDA multiple is not a reliable point estimate here.

max net leverage 4×min EBITDA margin 10%
rule-distress-aray
Open flags raised (1)
  • ARAYARAY-specific distress: 6.2x net leverage and negative net income. Treat Stage 1 baseline as distress-flagged; the peer EV/EBITDA multiple is not a reliable point estimate.

Last updated Jul 22, 2026

ISRG1 rule

ISRG durable compounder

MedTechISRGv1

ISRG compounds revenue ~20%/yr with a long robotic-surgery penetration runway. Use the full 10-year explicit horizon and a terminal growth at the GDP ceiling, rather than fading its growth to the terminal rate inside the generic window.

rule-compounder-isrg

Last updated Jul 30, 2026